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OpenAI patents chip design that learns while processing data

Patent drawing
Patent drawing from the official filing.

This patent describes a computer chip architecture where memory and processing happen in the same physical location. It allows the chip to update its internal settings, or weights, immediately after processing data without moving information to a separate memory bank.

Why it mattersThis design could make AI chips more efficient by reducing the energy needed to move data around, which is a major bottleneck in current hardware.

In the filing’s own words

A system capable of providing on-chip learning comprising a processor and a plurality of compute engines coupled with the processor. Each of the compute engines including a compute-in-memory (CIM) hardware module and a local update module. The CIM hardware module stores a plurality of weights corresponding to a matrix and is configured to perform a vector-matrix multiplication for the matrix. The local update module is coupled with the CIM hardware module and configured to update at least a portion of the weights.

What exactly they claim (claim 1)

1. A system, comprising: a processor; and a plurality of compute engines coupled with the processor, the plurality of compute engines including a compute-in-memory (CIM) hardware module, a bit mixer, and a local update module, the CIM hardware module storing a plurality of weights corresponding to a matrix and configured to perform a vector-matrix multiplication (VMM) for the matrix, the local update module being coupled with the CIM hardware module and configured to update at least a portion of the plurality of weights, wherein: the bit mixer is coupled to the CIM and configured to combine results from the CIM into a weighted output by using exponential weights and bit slicing; the CIM hardware module includes a plurality of cells for storing the plurality of weights; and the local update module includes: an adder configured to be selectively coupled with each of the plurality of cells, to receive a weight update, and to add the weight update with a weight of the plurality of weights for each of the plurality of cells; and write circuitry coupled with the adder and the plurality of cells, the write circuitry configured to write a sum of the weight and the weight update to each of the plurality of cells, and a compute engine of the plurality of compute engines includes: a controller configured to provide a plurality of control signals to the CIM hardware module and the local update module, a first portion of the plurality of control signals corresponding to an inference mode, a second portion of the plurality of control signals corresponding to a weight update mode, wherein the weight update mode includes providing the weight update to the adder.

Facts

Company
OpenAI (OpenAI Opco, LLC)
Official title
Compute in-memory architecture for continuous on-chip learning
Patent number
US12748722B2
Application number
18384774
Filed
Oct 27, 2023
Granted
Sep 29, 2026
Inventors
1
Claims
20

Classified under

G06F 15/80 Physics & computing

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Summaries are simplified from the filing’s own abstract and first claim. A patent filing is not a product announcement.
Patent data and drawings: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). Nebula is not affiliated with or endorsed by the USPTO.