Sony patents camera sensor using tiny structures to sort light colors

1. An optical detector, comprising: a photoelectric conversion layer that includes a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements in a matrix shape, wherein the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements is configured to generate, based on incident light, electric charges by photoelectric conversion; a filter layer including a plurality of complementary color filters, wherein the plurality of complementary color filters is on an incident surface of the photoelectric conversion layer, each complementary color filter of the plurality of complementary color filters is associated with a corresponding set of photoelectric conversion elements of the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements, and each complementary color filter of the plurality of complementary color filters is configured to block first light of a specific wavelength in the incident light; and a metasurface layer including a plurality of metasurface elements, wherein the plurality of metasurface elements is between the photoelectric conversion layer and the filter layer, each metasurface element of the plurality of metasurface elements is associated with the corresponding set of photoelectric conversion elements, each metasurface element of the plurality of metasurface elements includes a plurality of refractive index materials, the plurality of refractive index materials has: a plurality of different widths based on wavelengths of the incident light, and a pitch smaller than a target light wavelength associated with the incident light, and each metasurface element of the plurality of metasurface elements is configured to: separate, into components, second light of the incident light that has passed through a complementary color filter of the plurality of complementary color filters, wherein the separation of the second light is based on wavelengths of the second light, and the separation of the second light into the components is via the plurality of refractive index materials of a corresponding metasurface element of the plurality of metasurface elements; and guide the components of the separated second light toward the corresponding set of photoelectric conversion elements.